XRF - New Applications in Sensor-Based-Sorting Using X-ray Flourescence
In recent decades, waste management has developed from simply waste disposal towards waste treatment, waste recovery and recycling. Even though waste collection has reached a high standard and many different waste streams are collected separately, an after-treatment is required. Each waste stream is more or less polluted with undesired types of materials making the treatment of collected waste in certain plants obligatory.
BT-Wolfgang Binder GmbH is a general contractor specialized in mineral and environmental technology and develops different sensor-based sorting machines with technologies such as Near Infrared Spectroscopy, Infrared-Transmission and Line Scan Cameras as well as X-ray fluorescence analysis.
The REDWAVE XRF system is capable of identifying and separating various types of materials by measuring differences in their elemental composition. When materials are exposed to electromagnetic radiation (X-rays), electrons are ejected from the atomic shell, and the resulting free spots are occupied via an electron transfer from outer shells. This electron transition causes the emission of radiation (photons) – the so called secondary X-ray fluorescence radiation – and is characteristic for each transition and each element. By measuring that radiation with special detectors, it is possible to determine the elemental composition of the in-feed material. The sorting criteria can be based on one element, multiple elements or a ratio of two elements.
In general all solid materials containing a specific and characteristic element can be analysed. The technology of X-ray fluorescence is therefore not limited to one material class or application but can be used in a wide variety of fields. Besides resource recycling it can also be used for sorting of various materials such as ores and mineral and as online quality control.
| Copyright: | © TK Verlag - Fachverlag für Kreislaufwirtschaft | |
| Quelle: | Waste Management, Volume 3 (Oktober 2012) | |
| Seiten: | 10 | |
| Preis inkl. MwSt.: | € 0,00 | |
| Autor: | Dipl.-Ing. Martin Weiss  | |
| Artikel weiterleiten | Artikel kostenfrei anzeigen | Artikel kommentieren |
Diese Fachartikel könnten Sie auch interessieren:
Wertstoffhof 2020 - Neuorientierung von Wertstoffhöfen
© ia GmbH - Wissensmanagement und Ingenieurleistungen (4/2015)
Im Jahr 2014, zwanzig Jahre nach dem durch das Bayerische Staatsministerium für Landesentwicklung und Umweltfragen organisierten Wettbewerb „Der vorbildliche Wertstoffhof“, ist es sicher angebracht, sich dem Thema erneut zuzuwenden. Was ist aus den prämierten Wertstoffhöfen der Preisträger in den jeweiligen Clustern geworden? Wie hat sich das System grundsätzlich entwickelt? Wo geht es hin, wenn man die gesellschaftlichen Anforderungen aus demografischer Entwicklung, Ressourcenschutz und Klimarelevanz betrachtet?
Das Pferd von hinten aufzäumen
© Eigenbeiträge der Autoren (3/2013)
Werden kommunale Bioabfälle nur deponiert, sind sie klimaschädlich. Dabei könnten sie zu einer europaweit bedeutsamen Energieressource reifen: Aus dem Bioabfall lässt sich durch Trockenfermentation Biogas herstellen! Welche Verfahren aber sind an welchem Standort richtig - automatisierte, kontinuierliche oder diskontinuierliche Batch-Verfahren?
Fields of Research in Optical Sorting of Different Types of Waste
© TK Verlag - Fachverlag für Kreislaufwirtschaft (10/2012)
Optical sorting appeared for the first time in 1994 in Germany, France and in the USA.
Initially, it was limited to the recognition of the main packaging types, as found in the "yellow bin", using the NIR spectroscopy to differentiate molecular bonds: PET, HDPE, PVC, Tetrapak were the main targets. Colour sorting was later introduced for very fine colour nuances (e.g. clear vs light blue bottles). Today, most MRFs in Europe use Optical Sorting for packaging.
Post-Consumer Plastic Packaging Waste - How to Increase the Yield and Reduce the Cost
© TK Verlag - Fachverlag für Kreislaufwirtschaft (10/2012)
Recycling schemes for post-consumer plastic packaging waste are politically motivated, create environmental benefits for the society and increase the business costs in general. These recycling schemes are shaped by the local presence of converting industries that are able to use the recyclates as raw materials. Choices for recycling schemes should therefore be based on the expected compliance, efficiency (the lowest environmental impacts for the least costs) and the present local industry.
Challenges of Mixed Plastics Recovery from MSW Sources in the United Kingdom
© TK Verlag - Fachverlag für Kreislaufwirtschaft (10/2012)
Part of the integrated waste management approach in the United Kingdom is a mechanical pre-treatment of MSW prior to either EfW (Energy from Waste) or AD (Anaerobic Digestion). As a consequence of the pre-treatment some unwanted material is being separated form the primary target material, and in most cases this material contains some valuable sub grades. One of these sub grades is mixed plastic. The amount and quality of recoverable mixed plastics within MSW depends firstly on the collection and transfer and storage scheme prior to the mechanical pre-treamtent and secondly on the consumer and education from the Local Authority who is ultimately responsible for the local or regional waste management strategy and education.
