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The management of the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) has been strongly improved by the last Waste FrameworkDirective 2008/98/CE, by increasing the amount of waste materials that have to be reutilized, prepared for reutilizationand/or recycled. In any case, even if these goals will be achieved, a large amount of residual MSW from the SourceSegregated collection (SS) will need to be properly managed.Incineration is a quite suitable way for managing these materials even if it is costly and not homogenously spread in thedifferent European Areas.
Further Authors:
A. Sordi - LAR - Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale
C. Micale - LAR - Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale
G. Cirulli - LAR - Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale
Another diffused solution is represented by Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT)facilities that can lead to some advantages as producing and high quality Solid Recovered Fuels (SRF) or reducing andstabilizing the mass of the waste to be disposed off. In particular, this last solution was the first exploited in MSWmanagement since many years ago. Currently many of these plants operate in quite different conditions related to thedesign one. The difference arises from the variation both in waste management strategies and in the waste rates treated.These differences can influence both the mechanical and the Biological Treatment (BT) sections of the facility leadingtom some modifications in plant efficiency. The present study analyses the BT section of an existing MBT facilityoperating the aerobic stabilization of the Waste Organic Fraction (WOF) produced by the mechanical screening of theMSW resulting from SS collection. This BT section is a continuous flow composting plant with an aerated flow throughwhich electrical fans provides the process air. The continuous flow is performed by a crane bridge with screw thatmoves on the basin area. The screws provide to stir and move ahead the WOF from the inlet to the outlet section.The analysis has been focused on the evaluation of the main WOF physical and biological activity features duringdifferent days of the treatment period. Different sampling points have been fixed on the basin area corresponding tospecific mean days of treatment. The stability achieved by the WOF in the different sampling points has been evaluatedby a Dynamic Respirometer Index (DRI) apparatus developed by the LARn of the University of Perugia, able toevaluate the oxygen uptake rate (mgO2/kgVSh) of the material.Main results show that the screws has a relevant influence on some process parameters as temperature, Volatile Solidsand Dynamic Respirometer Index potential. The continuous mixing effect combined with the continuous WOFintroduction in the basin, produces a temperature profile that in some cases is quite constant during the whole basinlength. Similarly for the VS concentration that seems not to vary significantly from the inlet to the outlet section.The high temperature level profiles combined with the amount of air injected beneath the WOF bed, causes a rapidhumidity reduction in the first days of the process that can lead to an inhibition of the aerobic bacteria activity. This isconfirmed by the VS concentration but also by the DRI values.The DRI potential of the WOF at the basin inlet is practically reduced in the first 25-50% meters of the basin length,remaining quite constant in the remaining part.Some improvement concerning process air regulation along with the possibility of increasing the WOF humidity ifbecomes to low, can lead to improve the stabilization process efficiency together with a reduction of the global Impact of the MBT process.
Copyright: | © European Compost Network ECN e.V. | |
Quelle: | Orbit 2012 (Juni 2012) | |
Seiten: | 8 | |
Preis inkl. MwSt.: | € 8,00 | |
Autor: | Prof-Ing. Francesco Di Maria Dr. Moreno Marionni F. Castellani | |
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Umweltbildung mit #wirfuerbio
© Witzenhausen-Institut für Abfall, Umwelt und Energie GmbH (4/2023)
#wirfuerbio ist die bundesweite Kampagne der kommunalen Abfallwirtschaft zur Reduzierung von Störstoffen im Bioabfall. Mit einer starken Bandbreite unterschiedlicher crossmedialer Kommunikationsmittel und Maßnahmen verändert sich das Verhalten der Biotonnenbenutzer. Die Störstoffquote sinkt um mehr als 50 Prozent. Die Kampagne weist einen neuen Weg in der Umweltbildung. Mit der Abfallbox und der SpieleApp „#wirfuerbio das Sortierspiel“ wird Kreislaufwirtschaft in Form von Spaß und Spiel erlebbar. Der Beitrag zeigt, wie Abfallbox und Spiele-App didaktisch funktionieren und ein Bewusstsein für Kreislaufwirtschaft und Mülltrennung entwickeln.
Optimierte kommunale Erfassung von Elektroaltgeräten, Lithium-Jonen Akkus und Waren zur Wiederverwendung
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2022)
Die Idee, Elektrogeräte überdacht am Annahmetisch anzunehmen sowie gut
erhaltene Dinge aus dem Abfallstrom zu retten und für die Wiederverwendung zu erhalten, wurde im Modellprojekt Dasing realisiert. Alle Beteiligten im Landkreis Aichach-Friedberg, von Politik bis Presse, von den Mitarbeiter:innen bis zu den Besucher:innen der Wertstoffhöfe sind mit der Materie vertraut und der Umsetzung mehr als zufrieden.
Fundamental drying experiments with processed residual municipal solid waste materials
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2022)
Waste management companies and municipalities in southwestern Hungary aim the fulfillment of the EU’s target, namely to decrease landfilling below 10 % and increase recycling above 65 % of municipal solid wastes. However selective collection is continuously improved there is still high amount of residual MSW is generated. A new mechanical RMSW processing plant (20 t/h) and an experimental RDF pyrolysis plant (200 kg/h) had been built (Faitli et al. 2020) and now extensive research is being carried out to solve the local utilization of the bio-fraction and the RDF. This is the reason why this fundamental drying research was necessary. Dryer classification and the selection of the best solid waste drying techniques vary significantly due to the vast range of waste to be dried and the inherent challenges of dealing with non-standardized systems. In general, biomass dryers may be categorized according to their heat transmission technique and the physical qualities of wet particles.
Rückführung von Gipsabfallstoffströmen - Identifizierung und Bewertung
anfallender Gipsabfälle
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2022)
Recyclinggipse können einen Beitrag leisten, den zukünftig wegfallenden REAGips
zumindest teilweise zu kompensieren. Das Forschungsprojekt RueGips betrachtet bestehende Gipsabfallströme, prüft das Recycling dieser Abfälle, erarbeitet und erprobt ein Sammel- und Logistikkonzept für einen ausgewählten Abfallstrom. Kernziel des Projektes ist es, Lösungsansätze aufzuzeigen, welche die Rückführung von recyclingfähigen Gipsabfällen steigern und somit die Verfügbarkeit von RC-Gipsen erhöhen. Erste Ergebnisse des Projektes zeigen, dass in Deutschland überwiegend Gipsplattenabfälle aus dem Rückbau einem Recycling durch Aufbereitungsanlagen zugeführt werden und andere Gipsabfälle nicht bzw. nur in einem geringen Maße im Kreislauf geführt werden. Weiterhin konnte bereits ermittelt werden, dass Recyclinggipse nach Herkunft und bisheriger Anwendung unterschiedliche Herausforderungen mit sich bringen.
Future Development of Waste Management in China According to the 13th Five-Year Plan
© TK Verlag - Fachverlag für Kreislaufwirtschaft (9/2016)
Municipal solid waste (MSW) known as trash or garbage consists of food waste, paper, cardboard, plastics, PET, glass, textiles, metals, wood and leather, nappies, slug, ash, etc. are arising from human and animal activities. The rapid development and urbanization of China have resulted in an increasing volume of MSW. So the problem of MSW management has become a major social problem, but one the other hand, because of their intrinsic properties, MSW are often reusable and may be considered a resource for energy recovery. The delivering quantity of household waste averages 179 million tons in China, and the amount of untreated MSW over the years has reached 7 billion tons.