Issue 01/2012
| Nudging Smokers - The Behavioural Turn of Tobacco Risk Regulation Prof. Dr. Alberto Alemanno At a time when policy makers want to change the behaviour of citizens to tackle a broad range of social problems, such as climate change, excessive drinking, obesity and crime, a promising new policy approach has appeared that seems capable of escaping the liberal reservations typically associated with all forms of regulatory action. After having relied on the assumption that governments can only change people’s behaviour through rules and regulations, policy makers now seem ready to design policies that better reflect how people really behave, not how they are assumed to behave as rational agents. |
| Liberalism and Lifestyle: Informing Regulatory Governance with Behavioural Research On Amir, Prof. Orly Lobel Behavioural economics is helping illuminate the limits of rational individual choice. At the same time, even as research identifies failures in rationality, policy must inquire about the possibility and legitimacy of government intervention. |
| Environmental Risk in Biotech Patent Disputes: Which Role for Ordre Public before the European Patent Office? Ph.D. Angelica Bonfanti Nowadays, biotechnologies are among the most interesting areas of science. Their development, fostered by intellectual property (IP) rights’ protection, leads to useful progress. Nonetheless, when, as with biotech inventions, environmental protection is at stake, this progress is not without controversy. The present contribution aims at examining the interferences between IP and environmental protection, as emerging in the framework of the European Patent Convention. To this extent, it will focus on the function and on the limits of the ordre public exception clause, with the purpose of suggesting a new role for science in disputes for revocation of biotech patents. |
| Real Nudge Prof. Luc Bovens Nannying involves regulation to reduce the option set by legislating against risky behaviour or it provides economic incentives and disincentives to make risky behaviour more costly (be it through accounting costs or through opportunity costs). Nudge aims to change the choice architecture, i.e. the environment in which the choice is made, so that people who are placed in this environment would be less likely to display risky behaviour. |
| ‘Nudging’ Healthy Lifestyles: The UK Experiments with the Behavioural Alternative to Regulation and the Market Dr Adam Burgess A new Conservative-led Coalition government came to power in May 2010 in the UK. They have initiated a programme of ‘nudging’ individuals into making better choices through manipulating their environment, as part of a radical programme of transformation. Alongside wellbeing, transparency and decentralisation this experiment with behavioural economics is one of the new emphases in government thinking. All this is underpinned with the promotion of an ethos of promoting greater personal responsibility. |
| Transparency Initiative by the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER): Two qualitative studies of Public Perceptions PH.D. Sweta Chakraborty, Prof. Ragnar Lofstedt There are clearly no easy answers as to how best communicate health-related issues. As discussed in this paper it appears that a majority of the respondents were unhappy about how health issues were largely being communicated as they felt the information was not accessible by the average lay person, or was confusing. |
| Nudging Cannot Solve Complex Policy Problems Evan Selinger, Kyle Powys Whyte In theory, nudging can produce behavioral change people value. But under current conditions, nudging cannot solve complex policy problems. |
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