Enhancing the Role of the CDM in Accelerating Low-Carbon Technology Transfers to Developing Countries
At the 3rd Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Kyoto, Japan, in December 1997, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) was introduced into the Kyoto Protocol as a project-based emissions trading mechanism. Through this mechanism, industrialised countries can comply with their Protocol commitments by investing in greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction projects in developing countries for which they receive Certified Emission Reductions (CERs). As per November 2008, the CDM project pipeline counts 4151 CDM projects (i.e. both officially registered and ongoing projects and projects in the process of validation by a designated operational entity). The CERs can be used, inter alia, by industrialised countries to comply with their Protocol commitments and by European installations to comply with their CO2 emission caps under the EU emissions trading scheme.
The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) in its present form concentrates on single projects, mostly in isolation of the host country’s national and technological context. CDM project patterns largely follow those of foreign direct investments, resulting in a relatively large share of rapidly industrialising developing countries in the CDM project pipeline. This paper suggests that the CDM position of developing countries presently underrepresented in the CDM pipeline could be improved in three ways. First, host countries must improve their domestic CDM structures and would benefit from a systematic selection of low-carbon energy technologies based on priority sectors and energy service needs. Second, host countries would need to map the markets for technology transfer and diffusion so that market system blockages can be identified and removed. Third, at the governance level of the CDM Executive Board, a greater role for programmatic CDM is recommended, as well as a more positive approach towards additionality and differentiation between CDM project types.
| Copyright: | © Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH | |
| Quelle: | Issue 1/2009 (April 2009) | |
| Seiten: | 11 | |
| Preis inkl. MwSt.: | € 41,65 | |
| Autor: | Wytze van der Gaast  Katherine Begg | |
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