European power supply is largely based on fossil energy resources. The combustion of fossil fuels releases significant amounts of carbon dioxide CO2), however, which in turn contributes to a great extent to the greenhouse effect and climate change. In order to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of the energy sector and other energy-intensive industries, the European Community introduced an emissions trading scheme (EU ETS) on the European level based on the European Emissions Trading Directive 2008/87/EC.
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies are currently discussed as a promising measure by stakeholders in the power industry sector, who see it as an opportunity to both continue using fossil fuels and to comply with the challenges of climate protection by reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Initial demonstration projects have already been launched. According to the European Commission, it can be expected that, by 2020, up to 7.6% of the carbon dioxide emitted by power stations will be captured and sequestered using CCS technologies. Still, many crucial questions remain unanswered. The European Commission recently presented a package of legislative proposals, including proposals for a directive on the geological storage of carbon dioxide and for the integration of CCS in the European Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS); these proposals have recently been discussed in the European Parliament, and are scheduled for adoption by spring 2009, at the latest. The provisions they set out would have to be implemented by the EU Member States within one year after entering into force. This article deals with the integration of the different steps of the CCS technology and the approach proposed by the European Commission. The authors examine the approach critically from the point of view of emissions trading, and propose an alternative model that might also serve as a pragmatic solution until European legislation would enter into force. Furthermore, this alternative model addresses several aspects not considered by the Commission’s approach.
Copyright: | © Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH | |
Quelle: | Issue 4/2008 (Januar 2009) | |
Seiten: | 7 | |
Preis inkl. MwSt.: | € 41,65 | |
Autor: | Inga Guddas Dr. Timo Hohmuth Dr. Lutz Schäfer | |
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bifa-Text Nr. 45: Anpassung an den Klimawandel: eine Befragung oberbayerischer Unternehmen
© bifa Umweltinstitut GmbH (3/2010)
Das bifa Umweltinstitut untersuchte, in welchem Umfang sich oberbayerische Unternehmen vom Klimawandel betroffen fühlen, welche Aspekte dabei eine Rolle spielen und ob die Anpassung an die unvermeidbaren Folgen ein Thema ist.
Zuteilungsregeln für messbare Wärme in der dritten Handelsperiode
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (6/2013)
Der Europäische Emissionshandel ist mit Beginn des Jahres 2013 in die dritte Handelsperiode eingetreten. Während die erste Handelsperiode (2005–2007) als Testphase begriffen wurde und die zweite Handelsperiode (2008– 2012) als sogenannte Kyoto-Phase die erste Verpflichtungsperiode des Kyoto-Protokolls nachvollzog, kann die dritte Handelsperiode des Emissionshandels, die von 2013 bis 2020 dauern wird, erneut als Erprobungsphase in der Weiterentwicklung des Emissionshandels bezeichnet werden. Gegenstand der Erprobung ist allerdings nicht mehr, wie in der ersten Handelsperiode, das ökonomische Instrument des europäischen Emissionshandels. In der dritten Handelsperiode wird durch die europaweite Harmonisierung der Zuteilungsregeln und der Übertragung weitgehender Vollzugskompetenzen auf die Europäische Kommission die umfassende Harmonisierung eines Teilbereichs des Emissionshandels erprobt.
On the Re-regulation of the Liberalised Power Market in Europe
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (7/2009)
For many decades now, energy policy has pursued a number of objectives that partly contradict each other (see Figure 1). Over time, the focus has shifted: economic efficiency has become a central aspect for the liberalisation of the electricity market. This development was initiated at the end of the last century with the EU directive concerning the internal market in electricity. Many motivating factors underlie this development; paragraph 4 of the directive provides an overview.
Evaluating Links between Emissions Trading Schemes: An Analytical Framework
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (1/2009)
Emission trading systems (ETS) have been or will be implemented in more and more states and regions around the world. The objectives of such trading systems, however, can only be reached to full extend if a worldwide ETS comes into effect. Therefore, ETS are forced to join. Against that backdrop, linking of two or more ETS can be an important step towards a global ETS. This article examines whether differences between existing and planned ETS are obstacles for successful linking; to that end, it provides an analytical framework for discussion. It starts with an overview of the development of different ETS (I.), presents evaluation criteria for the assessment of linkages (II.), describes possible types of links (III.), categorises the basic decisions regarding the substantive requirements and scope of application of an ETS (IV.), and examines how different ETS designs affect the chances of a link (V.).
Emissionshandelspflicht und Biomasse – Die Ausnahmevorschrift des § 2 Abs. 5 Alt.2 TEHG
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (2/2011)
Der Umfang und die Komplexität des Klimaschutzes erfordern nicht nur ein einziges Instrument wie die Förderung des Einsatzes erneuerbaren Energien, sondern eine Vielzahl weiterer Ansätze. Dazu gehört unter anderem auch der Emissionshandel.