In landfill rehabilitation programs, biogas management is a major issue. If biogas production is not sufficient for a flare to perform—methane concentration at an average of 30 % and biogas generation under 10 cubic metre per hour—, alternative solutions can be imagined. In particular, numerous writers have shown that it is possible to treat some of that methane by oxidation in the landfill cap or even by using a biofilter. This study takes a look at a French experimental site using this kind of landfill gas treatment.
France numbers an average of one MSW landfill per municipality. A lot of them still have residual production of biogas, whose impact on the greenhouse effect need no longer be proven. The French Environmental Agency, ADEME, sponsors R&D projects that foster economical and systematic solutions that are intended to reduce the impact of landfill gas. In this context, ADEME co-financed CSD Azur’s experimentation of a passive biogas filter on the old Neuville-les-Dames landfill. This trial showed that atmospheric conditions—rain and temperatures—determined distinct periods when the system worked and periods when it failed to do so. Understanding these shortcomings should allow us to make some improvements in the future.
Copyright: | © IWWG International Waste Working Group | |
Quelle: | Specialized Session F (Oktober 2007) | |
Seiten: | 10 | |
Preis inkl. MwSt.: | € 10,00 | |
Autor: | Thierry Chassagnac | |
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DIFFUSED LANDFILL GAS EMISSION MONITORING IN NON-HAZARDOUS WASTE LANDFILLS: STUDY CASES
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
An articulated monitoring plan was arranged in order to set up an adequate measure campaign of the possible landfill gas escape from landfill body, with the aim of assuring scientific significance and coherence for the evaluation of vertical landfill gas emissions (i.e. from landfill surfaces in contact with atmosphere) and of horizontal landfill gas emissions (i.e. landfill gas migration through soil and subsoil toward the outside of landfill cultivation area).
BIO-TARP: DEVELOPING A METHANOTROPHIC ALTERNATIVE DAILY COVER TO REDUCE LANDFILL METHANE EMISSIONS
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
Landfills are the largest source of anthropogenic CH4 emissions in the U.S. (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2007). Field data (unpublished) have shown that substantial CH4 generation and emissions can occur before engineered gas extraction is economically feasible. Methanotrophs are indigenous aerobic microorganisms in landfill cover soils that can oxidize CH4 and thereby provide a complementary biological mechanism to reduce emissions. Even though both landfill CH4 emissions and oxidation rates can vary by more than 6 orders of magnitude (Bogner, et al., 1997), field data have confirmed that methanotrophs are capable of substantial reductions in CH4 emissions in both conventional covers and engineered "biocovers" (Huber-Humer, 2004). In addition, methanotrophs are capable of reducing emissions of nonmethane hydrocarbons (Scheutz et al., 2003).
COMPARISON OF A TUNABLE DIODE LASER APPROACH WITH STATIC CHAMBERS FOR DETERMINATION OF SURFACE METHANE EMISSION
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
Increasingly there is a need to determine methane emission rates from landfills. These determinations are needed for greenhouse gas inventories, for constraining estimates of emissions of non-methane organic compounds and for determining the efficiency of gas collection systems. Measurement campaigns to determine methane emissions from landfills are not overly common although a number of studies have been published, frequently using static chambers as a measurement vehicle (Bogner et al., 1997a, b, 1993). The disadvantage of this approach is that it is time consuming and requires a large number of measurements to constrain estimates from large landfill surfaces. The chamber approach also will not detect emissions from above the soil surface which might be due to leaky gas plumbing fixtures.
METHANE EMISSIONS MEASUREMENTS ON DIFFERENT LANDFILLS
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
The detection and quantification of methane emissions from landfills is an important matter from an operational and an environmental point of view. It enables an assessment of the efficiency of the covers and the collection systems to be made. This is essential for the optimisation of the landfill gas (LFG) collection and recovery. A direct consequence is the reduction of global methane emissions. Furthermore, the monitoring of methane emissions is essential for environmental reporting (EPER directive) and for greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction policies. It constitutes a potential lobbying tool and revenue when implicated in carbon credit projects.
Biologische Methanoxidation in Deponieabdeckschichten –Leistungspotenzial und Treibhausgasbilanzierung
© Witzenhausen-Institut für Abfall, Umwelt und Energie GmbH (4/2008)
Aufgrund gesetzlicher Bestimmungen sind Deponiebetreiber verpflichtet, anfallendes Deponiegas zu fassen und zu verwerten. Auch nach der Stilllegung der Deponie sind die Maßnahmen solange fortzuführen, bis schädliche Einwirkungen auf die Umgebung ausgeschlossen werden können. Dauer und Umfang der Maßnahmen in der Nachsorgephase sind (bislang) nicht konkret definiert, sie bestimmen jedoch erheblich die Kosten. Es besteht daher über eine unbestimmte Dauer von mehreren Jahrzehnten der Bedarf an einer effizienten, wartungsarmen und damit kostengünstigen Schwachgasbehandlungstechnologie.