In Japan, used batteries are collected as incombustible municipal waste, and the majority is landfilled. In 1983, it was determined that the used batteries in daily life contained mercury, and the fact the mercury-containing batteries, which were disposed of as waste raised fears of environmental mercury pollution.
Based on the 20-year experiment using large scale lysimeters filled with wastes and mercury-containing batteries, total mercury behavior was found to be extremely low. It was confirmed that the majority of mercury remained in the landfills.
Copyright: | © IWWG International Waste Working Group | |
Quelle: | Workshop H (Oktober 2007) | |
Seiten: | 10 | |
Preis inkl. MwSt.: | € 10,00 | |
Autor: | Ryuji Yanase O. Hirata Ph.D. Yasushi Matsufuji | |
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MODELING OF TRANSPORT AND GEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES BETWEEN LANDFILL LEACHATE AND A SATURATED BARRIER SYSTEM
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
Landfill leachate is a dangerous and polluting solution formed by a very complex sequence of physical, chemical and biological processes modifying the rainwater that percolates through waste (Bogner et al.,1996). Migration of the pollutants from the waste material into the percolating water is another important phenomenon requiring attention (Mora-Naranjo et al., 2004). The resulting leachate is a solution containing dissolved organic matter, inorganic macrocomponents, heavy metals and xenobiotic organic compounds and is characterized by reducing redox state (Christensen et al., 2001). Migration is a long-term and continuous process and the leachate may evolve and pollute the surrounding environment for hundred of years (Ustohalova et al., 2006).
Die Substitution gefährlicher Stoffe im europäischen Recht (Teil 1)
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (10/2005)
Die Substitution gefährlicher Stoffe, also von Stoffen mit einem Risikopotential für Mensch und Umwelt, durch weniger risikoreiche Alternativen hat im Europäischen Recht bisher wenig Beachtung gefunden. Im Ergebnis führt die Ersatzstoffprüfung zu einem oder zu mehreren Ersatzstoffen oder zu einer Technik ohne die Verwendung gefährlicher Stoffe.
Potential of selected metals to cause Metal Fume Fever: a comprehensive review
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Metal fume fever (MFF) is a disease as old as the metallurgy of brass. It is an industrial acute illness of short duration that occurs when metals are heated above their melting point. It is most common to people with no previous exposure to the fumes or in workers returning to industrial environment after weekend. The disease is a constellation of symptoms, which may include metallic taste, cough, sneezing and tightness of chest, sweating, headache, fever, muscle aches, mouth dryness, nausea, vomiting, leykocytosis and tiredness. It is believed that the disease has an immunopathological basis facilitated by cytokines. The present paper highlights the mechanisms of MFF through the most relevant in vivo and in vitro experiments. Furthermore, each candidate metal is examined in relation to MFF provocation potential.
Chemical analysis of a large series of PAHs and POPs in airborne and sediment samples and their contribution to genotoxic, tumorpromoting and endocrine-disrupting effects
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Combined chemical GC and HPLC analyses were successfully used to resolve several hundreds of individual aromatic compounds and different patterns of relative content of PAHs, methylated and nitrated PAH derivatives in various airborne and river sediment samples. Two approaches were used for sample fractionation. The fractionation on a silica column, based on analyte polarity, yielded aliphatic, nonpolar aromatic (containing both parental PAHs and POPs), H2SO4-silicatreated neutral POPs subfraction (in which PAHs were eliminated), semipolar aromatic (containing e.g. nitrated PAHs) and polar aromatic (with oxygenated PAHs, dialkyl phthalates and other, partly unidentified, polar aromatics) fractions.
Langzeitverhalten stabilisierter mineralischer Abfälle
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2008)
Schädliche Inhaltsstoffe gefährlicher Abfälle können durch Zugabe geeigneter Additive chemisch umgewandelt und damit im Idealfall in nicht gefährliche Verbindungen überführt werden. Gefährliche Inhaltsstoffe wie z.B. Schwermetalle, die chemisch nicht umgewandelt werden, können aus löslicher Form in unlösliche, langzeitstabile Verbindungen umgesetzt werden, um eine dauerhafte Einbindung in die Abfallmatrix zu gewährleisten. Kenntnisse über das Langzeitverhalten der Stabilisate sind unerlässlich, um die Nachhaltigkeit der Schadstoffeinbindung bewerten zu können.